Last Friday I participated in a small 40 minute brainstorming session about the technical infrastructure for Open Educational Resources. This was part of the OER event organized by Carolina Rossini at FGV. Participating were Richard Baraniuk, founder of the Connexions platform, Everton Alvarenga, Ahrash N. Bissell, from ccLearn, John L. Forman from Softex and me. This is what we discussed (filtered by me...).
Our (ambitious, not-realized) goal for this session was to come up with recommendations for
- institucional decision and policy makers
- implementers
- staff and students
Systems vs Platforms
But before diving into the details, it is worth taking a birds-eye
view and ask: do we need integrated systems (like Moodle or
Connexxions) or should we (the OER movement) focus on general purpose
platforms used by individuals (like the Web, or general
repositories). There are trade-offs: integrated systems like connexions
can be specialized for educational purposes. Their centralized and
institutional nature makes it easier to do preservation, resource
management and indexing for search, etc. On the other
hand, decentralized and non-specialized systems can be used by
everybody right now, without needing permission or special
knowledge, lending themselves especially to bottom-up, grassroots initiatives.
In both cases, we would like to work with standards for
the formats of the resources (documents, audio, video, lesson plans,
exercises, etc. etc.). In the case of a integrated systems they serve
as a means for data portability and interoperability from one system
to another. In the case of "the Web" they also serve as the glue
between the distributed actors, enabling the formation of a network
that can then be indexed, search, etc.
But top-down, designed-by-committee standards like the IMS ones or SCORM
have notoriously slow uptake in the community. It was suggested (by
Richard) to recommend de-facto content standards like PDF,
.odf or even .doc as opposed to educational standards which have
orders of magnitude less support "in the wild". Inevitably, there
will be debate about the pros and cons of closed and proprietary
standards versus the open ones. I suggested that
individual users should be able to use whatever works for them but
that the recommendation for implementers of institutional systems
should be to use open standards, for all the well-known reasons
(independence off single vendors, digital preservation, etc.)
Roadmap
The implementation and maintenance of technical infrastructure is
a continuous process, especially in the fast-moving ICT environment
where the ground is always shifting. John suggested that under
those circumstances it is useful to keep in mind the characteristics
of an "ideal" system, to remember in what direction we want to
move. This vision could be called an Open Educational Architecture
and would include
- the use of appropriate (for education) open standards to foster interoperability and preservation;
- giving teachers and students the tools to remix and reuse
resources ("learning objects") not only legally or theoretically but
in actual practice;
- making possible educational processes like
assessment, tracking of access and use, tutoring and communication tools,
etc.;
- but disassociate "learning management" from typical OER
functionality like repository, versioning, recombining, etc.
The vision thing is nice, but we need to stuff right now. Connexions
is an open source OER management system, conceptually build in two
layers: the content model and the web application (build with Zope
and Plone). The development model of this open source project for
now is one with a small core-team, but work is underway to make it
easier to incorporate external contributions, to make deployment
easier and to increase governance stability through a foundation
more or less like the Sakai foundation. Richard is very confident
about the long term viability and stability of the xml technologies
that implement the content model. It is possible that the plone
layer that implements the user (web) interface will change on a
shorter timescale.
Palavras-chave: connexions, edtech, oer, rea
Esta mensagem está sob a licença CreativeCommons Atribuição.